Call for papers – Special Issue of Tourism Geographies
The Financialization of Tourism Geographies
Guest editors:
Dorothee Bohn is a postdoctoral researcher in human geography at Umeå University, Sweden and a visiting researcher at the Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Finland. Her research addresses regional development in sparsely populated areas with a particular focus on interpath relations between different industries embedded in the wider society-finance-nature nexus. Dorothee’s tourism-specific research interests include the political economy of the travel and hospitality sector, policy evaluation, and labor dynamics in the service industries.
Dimitri Ioannides is Chaired Professor of Human Geography in the Institution of Economics, Geography, Law and Tourism at Mid Sweden University. For over three decades he has been interested in issues relating to tourism planning and sustainability as well as the political economy of tourism. In recent years he has investigated, among others, the topic of tourism work and workers. He recently co-edited the volume Polar Tourism and Communities: Experiences, Knowledge Building, Opportunities and Challenges (2025, CABI).
Dorothee Bohn is a postdoctoral researcher in human geography at Umeå University, Sweden and a visiting researcher at the Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Finland. Her research addresses regional development in sparsely populated areas with a particular focus on interpath relations between different industries embedded in the wider society-finance-nature nexus. Dorothee’s tourism-specific research interests include the political economy of the travel and hospitality sector, policy evaluation, and labor dynamics in the service industries.
Dimitri Ioannides is Chaired Professor of Human Geography in the Institution of Economics, Geography, Law and Tourism at Mid Sweden University. For over three decades he has been interested in issues relating to tourism planning and sustainability as well as the political economy of tourism. In recent years he has investigated, among others, the topic of tourism work and workers. He recently co-edited the volume Polar Tourism and Communities: Experiences, Knowledge Building, Opportunities and Challenges (2025, CABI).
Introduction
Understanding how and why destinations and travel as a socio-spatial practice evolve over time is a central concern in geographic tourism research (Becklake & Wynne-Hughes, 2023; Brouder et al., 2017; Butler, 1980; James et al., 2023; Valente et al., 2023). In this context, respective research has traditionally examined human–nature relationships, behavioural patterns, socioeconomic dynamics, geopolitics, governance, institutions, and mobilities in conjunction with globalization and neoliberalization (Bianchi & Milano, 2024; Córdoba Azcárate, 2020; Fletcher, 2023; Hof & Blázquez-Salom, 2015; Mostafanezhad et al., 2021; Pandya et al., 2022). Financialization, which represents the third component of these “interlocking -ization processes” defining post-1970s capitalism (Christrophers, 2015, p. 183) as well as the broader financial underpinnings of tourism development trajectories, have gained far less sustained scholarly attention (Yrigoy, 2016). Nevertheless, finance is deeply intertwined with the geographies of tourism, not least because “money penetrates every nook and cranny of the global economy, changing social and political relations and cultures in the process, as well as the natural environment” (Knox-Hayes & Wójcik, 2021, p. 1).
Tourism development finance
At a global level, multilateral donor and financial institutions have included export-oriented tourism in their development lending portfolios to promote sustainable economic growth, poverty reduction, and spatial restructuring (Hawkins & Mann, 2007). The World Bank (2025) also supports tourism due to the sector’s long value chain, providing potential spillovers and linkages to other domestic industries. Foreign direct investment is a key instrument for funding tourism in countries of the Global South; however, this financing method is prone to exacerbate uneven development through economic leakages if local value capture is not safeguarded by robust institutions and policies that promote local sourcing and reinvestment (Kalvelage et al., 2020; Sheng & Tsui, 2010).
Local access to finance and funding also constitutes a cornerstone of the UN 2020 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Yet, research indicates that international development banks and lending organisations tend to prioritize governments and major industry players, often at the expense of small- and medium-sized enterprises, thus reinforcing patterns of financial exclusion and unequal wealth distribution (Carrillo-Hidalgo & Pulido-Fernández, 2019). The strategic selectivity of public funders and financial institutions also influences tourism pathways in countries and regions of the Global North, particularly in decisions over whether to support the slow, organic growth of small tourism enterprises or to boost rapid industry expansion and quick returns on investment (Bohn et al., 2023).
Within international development relationships, a knowledge gap concerns the extent of tourism’s role in microfinance programs (Ngoasong & Kimbu, 2016) and the resulting effects on communities and individuals, including debt slavery, which has been identified as a major drawback of these interventions (Bateman, 2010). Another under-researched field pertains to the economic geographies and impact of remittance payments from hospitality workers to their home countries (Bisong, 2020). This aligns with the dearth of studies on the illicit tourism economy, including tax evasion, criminal operations, corporate profit shifting, money laundering, or bribery (Hudson, 2020) and the implications for destination place-making.
Tourism, political economy and financialization
Tourism has served as a strategic recovery mechanism in response to the Global Financial Crisis in 2008/2009 (Fletcher, 2011). Here persists a broader link to dynamics aiming at addressing the inherent overaccumulation crisis of capitalism through spatial (developing new destinations and tourist markets) and/or temporal (returns on credit and speculative investments) displacement (Yrigoy, 2021). The latter strategy is grounded in the financialization of the contemporary economy, indicating a shift from industrial to finance-driven capitalism, whereby profits increasingly stem from seeking rent off the production of goods and services, as well as from the assetization of public infrastructure, data, and intellectual property (Harvey, 2011). Instances of tourism financialization include the acquisition of hotel properties as real estate assets by investment firms (Rainer & Steiner, 2025; Yrigoy, 2016). Tour operators, likewise, participate in this trend and invest in tourist resorts, thereby securing passive income streams in addition to traditional revenues based on allotments (Bohn, 2024).
Nature conservation constitutes another domain where financialization and tourism are intertwined. Due to the pressure of revenue generation, ecosystems are no longer protected for their intrinsic or public value but are instead managed as financial assets. Eco-tourism is a key instrument that renders nature reserves investable through the imposition of land rents, labor, and infrastructural assets, such as luxury lodges (Young & Markham, 2020).
Digital platforms, both a product and a driver of financialization (Varoufakis, 2024), have significantly reshaped tourism geographies. In particular, short-term rental platforms, embedded in the political economy of urban housing, have intensified real estate speculation, accelerated neighbourhood gentrification, and contributed to overtourism in major metropolitan areas (Clancy, 2022; Ioannides et al., 2019; Morales-Pérez et al., 2020). These dynamics raise broader normative questions regarding the right to the city versus the right to tourism (López-González, 2024), which is also reflected in growing public demands for redistribution through tourist taxes (Nepal & Nepal, 2019). While a substantial body of research has examined the effects of platform capitalism on tourism supply and demand, there remains a shortage of systematic insights into the scope and scale of tourism in asset management portfolios (Braun & Christophers, 2024) and destinations’ investment strategy plans.
Tourism finance and political power
A further dimension of the finance-tourism nexus lies in statecraft and economic development governance. Illustrative thereof is US President Trump’s first foreign visit in 2025 to Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Trump’s sons Eric and Donald Jr. were already present in the Middle East to seal deals for the Trump Organization, such as a Trump Tower in Dubai, a luxury golf resort in Qatar, and a Trump International Hotel in Oman (Weissert, 2025). Critics argue that the entanglement of private business interests, personal enrichment, political office, and foreign policy poses a fundamental threat to the foundations of democratic social order (Devine et al., 2025).
Understanding how and why destinations and travel as a socio-spatial practice evolve over time is a central concern in geographic tourism research (Becklake & Wynne-Hughes, 2023; Brouder et al., 2017; Butler, 1980; James et al., 2023; Valente et al., 2023). In this context, respective research has traditionally examined human–nature relationships, behavioural patterns, socioeconomic dynamics, geopolitics, governance, institutions, and mobilities in conjunction with globalization and neoliberalization (Bianchi & Milano, 2024; Córdoba Azcárate, 2020; Fletcher, 2023; Hof & Blázquez-Salom, 2015; Mostafanezhad et al., 2021; Pandya et al., 2022). Financialization, which represents the third component of these “interlocking -ization processes” defining post-1970s capitalism (Christrophers, 2015, p. 183) as well as the broader financial underpinnings of tourism development trajectories, have gained far less sustained scholarly attention (Yrigoy, 2016). Nevertheless, finance is deeply intertwined with the geographies of tourism, not least because “money penetrates every nook and cranny of the global economy, changing social and political relations and cultures in the process, as well as the natural environment” (Knox-Hayes & Wójcik, 2021, p. 1).
Tourism development finance
At a global level, multilateral donor and financial institutions have included export-oriented tourism in their development lending portfolios to promote sustainable economic growth, poverty reduction, and spatial restructuring (Hawkins & Mann, 2007). The World Bank (2025) also supports tourism due to the sector’s long value chain, providing potential spillovers and linkages to other domestic industries. Foreign direct investment is a key instrument for funding tourism in countries of the Global South; however, this financing method is prone to exacerbate uneven development through economic leakages if local value capture is not safeguarded by robust institutions and policies that promote local sourcing and reinvestment (Kalvelage et al., 2020; Sheng & Tsui, 2010).
Local access to finance and funding also constitutes a cornerstone of the UN 2020 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Yet, research indicates that international development banks and lending organisations tend to prioritize governments and major industry players, often at the expense of small- and medium-sized enterprises, thus reinforcing patterns of financial exclusion and unequal wealth distribution (Carrillo-Hidalgo & Pulido-Fernández, 2019). The strategic selectivity of public funders and financial institutions also influences tourism pathways in countries and regions of the Global North, particularly in decisions over whether to support the slow, organic growth of small tourism enterprises or to boost rapid industry expansion and quick returns on investment (Bohn et al., 2023).
Within international development relationships, a knowledge gap concerns the extent of tourism’s role in microfinance programs (Ngoasong & Kimbu, 2016) and the resulting effects on communities and individuals, including debt slavery, which has been identified as a major drawback of these interventions (Bateman, 2010). Another under-researched field pertains to the economic geographies and impact of remittance payments from hospitality workers to their home countries (Bisong, 2020). This aligns with the dearth of studies on the illicit tourism economy, including tax evasion, criminal operations, corporate profit shifting, money laundering, or bribery (Hudson, 2020) and the implications for destination place-making.
Tourism, political economy and financialization
Tourism has served as a strategic recovery mechanism in response to the Global Financial Crisis in 2008/2009 (Fletcher, 2011). Here persists a broader link to dynamics aiming at addressing the inherent overaccumulation crisis of capitalism through spatial (developing new destinations and tourist markets) and/or temporal (returns on credit and speculative investments) displacement (Yrigoy, 2021). The latter strategy is grounded in the financialization of the contemporary economy, indicating a shift from industrial to finance-driven capitalism, whereby profits increasingly stem from seeking rent off the production of goods and services, as well as from the assetization of public infrastructure, data, and intellectual property (Harvey, 2011). Instances of tourism financialization include the acquisition of hotel properties as real estate assets by investment firms (Rainer & Steiner, 2025; Yrigoy, 2016). Tour operators, likewise, participate in this trend and invest in tourist resorts, thereby securing passive income streams in addition to traditional revenues based on allotments (Bohn, 2024).
Nature conservation constitutes another domain where financialization and tourism are intertwined. Due to the pressure of revenue generation, ecosystems are no longer protected for their intrinsic or public value but are instead managed as financial assets. Eco-tourism is a key instrument that renders nature reserves investable through the imposition of land rents, labor, and infrastructural assets, such as luxury lodges (Young & Markham, 2020).
Digital platforms, both a product and a driver of financialization (Varoufakis, 2024), have significantly reshaped tourism geographies. In particular, short-term rental platforms, embedded in the political economy of urban housing, have intensified real estate speculation, accelerated neighbourhood gentrification, and contributed to overtourism in major metropolitan areas (Clancy, 2022; Ioannides et al., 2019; Morales-Pérez et al., 2020). These dynamics raise broader normative questions regarding the right to the city versus the right to tourism (López-González, 2024), which is also reflected in growing public demands for redistribution through tourist taxes (Nepal & Nepal, 2019). While a substantial body of research has examined the effects of platform capitalism on tourism supply and demand, there remains a shortage of systematic insights into the scope and scale of tourism in asset management portfolios (Braun & Christophers, 2024) and destinations’ investment strategy plans.
Tourism finance and political power
A further dimension of the finance-tourism nexus lies in statecraft and economic development governance. Illustrative thereof is US President Trump’s first foreign visit in 2025 to Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Trump’s sons Eric and Donald Jr. were already present in the Middle East to seal deals for the Trump Organization, such as a Trump Tower in Dubai, a luxury golf resort in Qatar, and a Trump International Hotel in Oman (Weissert, 2025). Critics argue that the entanglement of private business interests, personal enrichment, political office, and foreign policy poses a fundamental threat to the foundations of democratic social order (Devine et al., 2025).
The special issue
Financialization provides a valuable analytical lens for examining the exchanges and flows between global capital markets and local economies, alongside the place-making processes shaping tourism destinations (Lew, 2017). A financial geographies approach to tourism also critically engages with dimensions of travel and hospitality frequently overlooked in mainstream research. Specifically, it illuminates the distribution of benefits and risks between society and the private tourism sector within broader sociocultural and politico-economic relations. While these interconnections are often depoliticized and naturalized, a financial geographies perspective contributes new understandings of the underlying logics, instruments, institutions, and actors that influence the trajectories and spatial organization of tourism.
This special issue invites papers that examine how contemporary tourism is structured by flows of capital and financial rationales, as well as their implications for uneven development, social justice, environmental integrity, and territorial politics (Harvey, 2018; Smith, 2008). We aim to provoke questions about the future trajectories of both finance and tourism in a world threatened by wicked policy problems and polycrises. By foregrounding the financial dimensions of tourism, this special issue adds to a growing body of interdisciplinary work that challenges the conventional boundaries between economic geography, geographies of financialization, critical finance studies, and tourism research. We thus welcome qualitative, quantitative, and conceptual studies that illuminate the manifold financial geographies of tourism, including, but not limited to, the following themes:
Financialization provides a valuable analytical lens for examining the exchanges and flows between global capital markets and local economies, alongside the place-making processes shaping tourism destinations (Lew, 2017). A financial geographies approach to tourism also critically engages with dimensions of travel and hospitality frequently overlooked in mainstream research. Specifically, it illuminates the distribution of benefits and risks between society and the private tourism sector within broader sociocultural and politico-economic relations. While these interconnections are often depoliticized and naturalized, a financial geographies perspective contributes new understandings of the underlying logics, instruments, institutions, and actors that influence the trajectories and spatial organization of tourism.
This special issue invites papers that examine how contemporary tourism is structured by flows of capital and financial rationales, as well as their implications for uneven development, social justice, environmental integrity, and territorial politics (Harvey, 2018; Smith, 2008). We aim to provoke questions about the future trajectories of both finance and tourism in a world threatened by wicked policy problems and polycrises. By foregrounding the financial dimensions of tourism, this special issue adds to a growing body of interdisciplinary work that challenges the conventional boundaries between economic geography, geographies of financialization, critical finance studies, and tourism research. We thus welcome qualitative, quantitative, and conceptual studies that illuminate the manifold financial geographies of tourism, including, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Public funding and finance for tourism development, financial risk sharing between the public and private sector, and public expenditures on tourism market failures
- Financialization and tourism in the context of housing, nature conservation, cultural heritage, labour, and environmental change
- The geographies and geopolitics of foreign direct investments in tourism
- Socio-spatial relations of remittance payments of tourism and hospitality workers
- The impacts of microfinance and development organisations’ investment priorities on tourism development and communities
- The geographies of value chains, economic leakages and wealth distribution in tourism
- The scope and scale of tourism in asset management portfolios and strategic foci of destination investment plans
- Fintech and platform capitalism in tourism
- Tourism development, investment trajectories and insurability in the aftermath of financial, humanitarian, environmental and political crises
- The illicit economy of tourism
- Tourist taxes and revenue transfers
Timeline·
- Deadline for 300-word abstract: 15th of October 2025. Please submit your abstract to both guest editors Dorothee Bohn ([email protected]) and Dimitri Ioannides ([email protected]).
- Deadline for pre-review of the full manuscript: 1st of March 2026. Please submit your full manuscript to both guest editors Dorothee Bohn ([email protected]) and Dimitri Ioannides ([email protected]).
- Deadline for handing in the full manuscript for peer review: 25th of May 2026. Please submit your full manuscript via the Tourism Geographies Scholar One portal https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/rtxg20. Papers should be submitted directly to the special issue - The Financialization of Tourism Geographies.
Author Guidelines
Authors must be cognisant of the specific author guidelines for Tourism Geographies and ensure that manuscripts submitted pay particular attention to the journal’s publication criteria that appraises the following questions. Full author guidelines can be found here: https://www.tgjournal.com/notes-for-authors.html
Authors must be cognisant of the specific author guidelines for Tourism Geographies and ensure that manuscripts submitted pay particular attention to the journal’s publication criteria that appraises the following questions. Full author guidelines can be found here: https://www.tgjournal.com/notes-for-authors.html
- Is the research question relevant to tourism geographies - the sub-field?
- Is the research design sound?
- Are the claims made by the author well supported by the data provided?
- Are the research questions, methods, and analysis well integrated?
- Does the paper have broader relevance to tourism geographies scholarship beyond the case study at hand?
- Does the author engage with relevant scholarship, including previously published work in Tourism Geographies?
- Is the structure of the paper appropriate?
- Is the paper well written?
References
Bateman, M. (2010). Why Doesn’t Microfinance Work? The Destructive Rise of Local Neoliberalism. Zed Books.
Becklake, S., & Wynne-Hughes, E. (2023). The touristic transformation of postcolonial states: human zoos, global tourism competition, and the emergence of zoo-managing states. Tourism Geographies, 26(5), 778–795. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2231410
Bianchi, R. V., & Milano, C. (2024). Polycrisis and the metamorphosis of tourism capitalism. Annals of Tourism Research, 104, 103731. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2024.103731
Bisong, A., Ahairwe, P. E., & Njoroge, E. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on remittances for development in Africa. Maastricht: European Centre for Development Policy Management.
Bohn, D. (2024). Arctic geographies in the making: understanding political economy, institutional strategic selectivity, and agency in tourism pathway development [Doctoral thesis, Umeå University].
Bohn, D., Carson, D. A., Demiroglu, O. C., & Lundmark, L. (2023). Public funding and destination evolution in sparsely populated Arctic regions. Tourism Geographies, 25(8), 1833–1855. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2193947
Braun, B., & Christophers, B. (2024). Asset manager capitalism: An introduction to its political economy and economic geography. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 56(2), 546–557. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X241227743
Brouder, P., Anton Clavé, S. A., Gill, A., & Ioannides, D. (Eds.) (2017). Tourism Destination Evolution. Routledge.
Butler, R. W. (1980). The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for management of resources. Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe Canadien, 24(1), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x
Carrillo-Hidalgo, I., & Pulido-Fernández, J. I. (2019). Is the financing of tourism by international financial institutions inclusive? A proposal for measurement. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(3), 330–356. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1260529
Christophers, B. (2015). The limits to financialization. Dialogues in Human Geography, 5(2), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043820615588153
Clancy, M. (2022). Tourism, financialization, and short-term rentals: the political economy of Dublin’s housing crisis. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(20), 3363–3380. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1786027
Córdoba Azcárate, M. (2020). Stuck With Tourism. Space, Power, and Labor in Contemporary Yucatan. University of California Press.
Devine, C., Chapman, I., & de Puy Kamp, M. (2025). Luxury skyscrapers, golf courses and cryptocurrency: The Trump family’s rapidly expanding Middle East business. CNN (May 13, 2025). https://edition.cnn.com/2025/05/13/politics/trump-middle-east-business-invs
Fletcher, R. (2011). Sustaining tourism, sustaining capitalism? The tourism industry’s role in global capitalist expansion. Tourism Geographies, 13(3), 443–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2011.570372
Fletcher, R. (2023). Tourism and neoliberalism. Tourism Geographies, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2269882
Harvey, D. (2011). The Enigma of Capital and the Crises of Capitalism. Profile Books Ltd.
Harvey, D. (2018). The Limits to Capital. Verso Books.
Hawkins, D. E., & Mann, S. (2007). The world bank’s role in tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(2), 348–363. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2006.10.004
Hof, A., & Blázquez-Salom, M. (2015). Changing tourism patterns, capital accumulation, and urban water consumption in Mallorca, Spain: a sustainability fix? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(5), 770–796. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.991397
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Knox-Hayes, J. & Wójcik, D. (2021). Introduction. In: J. Knox-Hayes & D. Wójcik (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Financial Geography (pp.1-22), Routledge.
Lew, A. A. (2017). Tourism planning and place making: place-making or placemaking? Tourism Geographies, 19(3), 448–466. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1282007
López-González, J. (2024). The right to the city versus the right to tourism in teleological perspective: an ethical conflict between goods. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2024.2379590
Morales-Pérez, S., Garay, L., & Wilson, J. (2020). Airbnb’s contribution to socio-spatial inequalities and geographies of resistance in Barcelona. Tourism Geographies, 24(6–7), 978–1001. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1795712
Mostafanezhad, M., Córdoba Azcárate, M., & Norum, R. (Eds). (2021). Tourism Geopolitics. Assemblages of Infrastructure, Affect, and Imagination. The University of Arizona Press.
Nepal, R., & Nepal, S. K. (2019). Managing overtourism through economic taxation: policy lessons from five countries. Tourism Geographies, 23(5–6), 1094–1115. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2019.1669070
Ngoasong, M. Z., & Kimbu, A. N. (2016). Informal microfinance institutions and development-led tourism entrepreneurship. Tourism Management, 52, 430–439. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.07.012
Pandya, R., Dev, H. S., Rai, N. D., & Fletcher, R. (2022). Rendering land touristifiable: (eco)tourism and land use change. Tourism Geographies, 25(4), 1068–1084. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2022.2077425
Rainer, G., & Steiner, C. (2025). Tourism, financialization, and real estate: the transformation of the holiday rental market. Tourism Geographies, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2025.2511737
Sheng, L., & Tsui, Y. (2010). Foreign Investment in Tourism: The Case of Macao as a Small Tourism Economy. Tourism Geographies, 12(2), 173–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616681003725219
Smith, N. (2008). Uneven Development. Nature, Capital and the Production of Space (3rd edition). The University of Georgia Press.
Valente, R., Zaragozí, B., & Russo, A. P. (2023). Labour precarity in the visitor economy and decisions to move out. Tourism Geographies, 25(8), 1912–1928. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2172603
Varoufakis, Y. (2024). Technofeudalism. What Killed Capitalism. Penguin Books.
Weissert, W. (2025). Trump's Middle East visit comes as his family deepens its business, crypto ties in the region. Abc News (May 14, 2025). https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/trumps-middle-east-visit-family-deepens-business-crypto-121778990
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Young, M., & Markham, F. (2020). Tourism, capital, and the commodification of place. Progress in Human Geography, 44(2), 276–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132519826679
Yrigoy, I. (2016). Financialization of hotel corporations in Spain. Tourism Geographies, 18(4), 399–421. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2016.1198829
Yrigoy, I. (2021). Strengthening the political economy of tourism: profits, rents and finance. Tourism Geographies, 25(2–3), 405–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2021.1894227
Bateman, M. (2010). Why Doesn’t Microfinance Work? The Destructive Rise of Local Neoliberalism. Zed Books.
Becklake, S., & Wynne-Hughes, E. (2023). The touristic transformation of postcolonial states: human zoos, global tourism competition, and the emergence of zoo-managing states. Tourism Geographies, 26(5), 778–795. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2231410
Bianchi, R. V., & Milano, C. (2024). Polycrisis and the metamorphosis of tourism capitalism. Annals of Tourism Research, 104, 103731. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2024.103731
Bisong, A., Ahairwe, P. E., & Njoroge, E. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on remittances for development in Africa. Maastricht: European Centre for Development Policy Management.
Bohn, D. (2024). Arctic geographies in the making: understanding political economy, institutional strategic selectivity, and agency in tourism pathway development [Doctoral thesis, Umeå University].
Bohn, D., Carson, D. A., Demiroglu, O. C., & Lundmark, L. (2023). Public funding and destination evolution in sparsely populated Arctic regions. Tourism Geographies, 25(8), 1833–1855. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2193947
Braun, B., & Christophers, B. (2024). Asset manager capitalism: An introduction to its political economy and economic geography. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 56(2), 546–557. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X241227743
Brouder, P., Anton Clavé, S. A., Gill, A., & Ioannides, D. (Eds.) (2017). Tourism Destination Evolution. Routledge.
Butler, R. W. (1980). The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for management of resources. Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe Canadien, 24(1), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x
Carrillo-Hidalgo, I., & Pulido-Fernández, J. I. (2019). Is the financing of tourism by international financial institutions inclusive? A proposal for measurement. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(3), 330–356. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1260529
Christophers, B. (2015). The limits to financialization. Dialogues in Human Geography, 5(2), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043820615588153
Clancy, M. (2022). Tourism, financialization, and short-term rentals: the political economy of Dublin’s housing crisis. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(20), 3363–3380. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1786027
Córdoba Azcárate, M. (2020). Stuck With Tourism. Space, Power, and Labor in Contemporary Yucatan. University of California Press.
Devine, C., Chapman, I., & de Puy Kamp, M. (2025). Luxury skyscrapers, golf courses and cryptocurrency: The Trump family’s rapidly expanding Middle East business. CNN (May 13, 2025). https://edition.cnn.com/2025/05/13/politics/trump-middle-east-business-invs
Fletcher, R. (2011). Sustaining tourism, sustaining capitalism? The tourism industry’s role in global capitalist expansion. Tourism Geographies, 13(3), 443–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2011.570372
Fletcher, R. (2023). Tourism and neoliberalism. Tourism Geographies, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2023.2269882
Harvey, D. (2011). The Enigma of Capital and the Crises of Capitalism. Profile Books Ltd.
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